Procaine penicillin is the procaine salt of penicillin, and its antibacterial active ingredient is penicillin. Penicillin has good antibacterial activity against Streptococcus hemolyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus that does not produce penicillinase. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Corynebacterium diphtheria, Bacillus anthracis, Actinomyces bovis, Streptobacter candida, Listeria, Leptospira and Treponema pallidum are sensitive to this product. This product also has antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae and Bordetella pertussis. This product has a good antibacterial effect on anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus and Bacteroides melanogaster, but has poor antibacterial effect on Bacteroides fragilis. Penicillin plays a bactericidal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls.
Chinese name: Procaine Penicillin
Chinese alias: procaine penicillin G; procaine benzyl penicillin
English name: procaine penicillin
English alias: Procain Penicillin G; benzylpenicillin; Procaine penicillin (G); Procaine penicillin g;
CAS:54-35-3
EINECS:200-205-7
Molecular formula: C29H38N4O6S
Molecular weight: 570.7002
InChI: InChI=1/C16H18N2O4S.C13H20N2O2/c1-16(2)12(15(21)22)18-13(20)11(14(18)23-16)17-10(19)8-9- 6-4-3-5-7-9;1-3-15(4-2)9-10-17-13(16)11-5-7-12(14)8-6-11/h3- 7,11-12,14H,8H2,1-2H3,(H,17,19)(H,21,22);5-8H,3-4,9-10,14H2,1-2H3
Molecular structure:
Boiling point: 663.3°C at 760 mmHg
Flash point: 355°C
Vapor pressure: 1.69E-18mmHg at 25°C
Trade name: Procaine Penicillin
Alias: Penicillin suspension, procaine penicillin G, procaine benzyl penicillin suspension
This product is a long-acting penicillin, which is not acid-resistant and cannot be taken orally. It can only be injected intramuscularly. Intravenous administration is prohibited. The antibacterial spectrum and mechanism of this product are the same as penicillin. The blood concentration was maintained for 48 hours. It is mainly used for moderate and mild infections caused by gram-positive cocci sensitive to penicillin. After the acute infection is basically controlled by penicillin G, the product can be injected intramuscularly, 1-2 times a day for maintenance treatment.
[Indications] Due to the low blood concentration of the product, its application is limited to mild and moderate infections caused by highly sensitive penicillin pathogens, such as tonsillitis, scarlet fever, erysipelas, and pneumonia caused by group A streptococcus. , Penicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus caused by furuncle, carbuncle, and Fensen angina, etc. The product can still be used to treat leptospirosis, relapsing fever and early syphilis.
[Chemical composition] This product is a sterile powder made of procaine penicillin and penicillin sodium (potassium) plus a suitable suspending agent and buffer. Its chemical name is p-aminobenzoyl 2-(diethylamino) ethyl Ester (6R)-6-(2-phenylacetamido)-penicillanoate monohydrate.
Instructions for use
[Usage and Dosage] Add an appropriate amount of sterile water for injection to make a suspension before use and intramuscular injection. The usual amount is 600 to 1.2 million U per time, 1 to 2 times a day. Treatment of syphilis, 800,000 U per time, once a day. Early syphilis was used continuously for 10-15 days, and late syphilis was used continuously for 20 days. This product is for intramuscular injection only. Adults, 400,000 U to 1.6 million U/day; children, 400,000 U to 800,000 U per day, divided into 1 to 2 intramuscular injections; infants, 50,000 U/kg per day. For preventive application, 800,000 U was injected intramuscularly before operation and 800,000 U/day after operation for 2 consecutive days.
[Function and use] The antibacterial spectrum of this medicine is basically similar to penicillin. After intramuscular injection of the product, penicillin is slowly released, prolonging the blood concentration maintenance time, showing a long-term effect, up to 48 hours, but the blood concentration is lower than penicillin. It is used for mild infections caused by sensitive bacteria. It can also be used to treat gonorrhea, urinary tract infections, syphilis and laryngitis. It is also used to treat pneumonia, meningitis, rheumatic or congenital heart disease, and purulent skin diseases caused by streptococcus.
[Precautions and specifications] Procaine penicillin for injection: 400,000 U (containing 300,000 U of procaine penicillin and 100,000 U of penicillin sodium or potassium); 800,000 U (containing 600,000 U of procaine penicillin and 600,000 U of penicillin sodium or potassium) Penicillin sodium or potassium 200,000 U).
[Adverse reactions] Mainly allergic reactions to penicillin G.
[Medicine for pregnant and lactating women]
Animal reproduction tests have not found damage to penicillin, but strict controlled trials have not been conducted in pregnant women to rule out the adverse effects of such drugs on the fetus, so pregnant women still have to weigh the pros and cons. A small amount of this product is secreted from breast milk, and breastfeeding women should stop breastfeeding when taking the drug.
[Pharmacological action] This product is the procaine salt of penicillin, and its antibacterial active ingredient is penicillin. Penicillin has good antibacterial activity against Streptococcus hemolyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus that does not produce penicillinase. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Corynebacterium diphtheria, Bacillus anthracis, Actinomyces bovis, Streptobacter candida, Listeria, Leptospira and Treponema pallidum are sensitive to this product. This product also has antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae and Bordetella pertussis. This product has a good antibacterial effect on anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus and Bacteroides melanogaster, but has a poor antibacterial effect on Bacteroides fragilis. Penicillin plays a bactericidal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls.
[Drug interactions] Probenecid, aspirin, indomethacin, phenylbutazone and sulfa drugs reduce the renal tubular secretion of penicillin and prolong the serum half-life of the product. Penicillin can enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
[Adverse reactions] 1. Allergic reactions: urticaria and other types of skin rashes are more common, leukopenia, interstitial nephritis, asthma attacks and serotype reactions are rare; anaphylactic shock is rare, once it occurs, it must be rescued on the spot. To keep the airway open, inhale oxygen, , glucocorticoids and other treatment measures. 2 Herxian reaction and treatment contradiction: when procaine penicillin is used to treat syphilis, leptospirosis and other diseases, the symptoms can be exacerbated due to the death of the pathogen, which is called Herxian reaction; contradictions in treatment are also seen in patients with syphilis, which are the focus of syphilis after treatment It disappears too quickly, and the tissue repair is relatively slow or the fibrous tissue at the focus area shrinks, which hinders the function of the organ. 3 Double infection: Double infection by penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacilli or Candida may occur.
[Contraindications] People with a history of penicillin or procaine allergy, as well as patients with positive penicillin or procaine skin test, should not be used.
Matters needing attention
1 See penicillin.
2 Patients who are allergic to procaine or other caine-like local anesthetics may also be allergic to procaine penicillin, so attention should be paid. The penicillin skin test and procaine skin test must be done before medication.
3 Procaine skin test method is: intradermal injection of 0.1ml of 1%~2% procaine solution, local red rash, fever or lumps are allergic to procaine, that is, this product should not be used. Those who test positive for any one of the drugs should not use this product. A history of penicillin allergy should be inquired. Those who are allergic to penicillin or procaine should not Severe reactions such as hypotension, cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest.
4 Similar to penicillin, various allergies can also occur, so an allergy test should be done before medication.
5 Procaine skin test is required for this medicine. This product must not be used for intravenous injection or intravenous drip
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